Natural and Synthetic Fibers / Yarn Varieties:
Yarn can be produced by lengthy continuous joined fibers, used in the construction of textiles, sewing, knitting, weaving, embroidery and rope making. Thread is a type of yarn used for sewing purpose by hand or machine. Modern sewing threads may be finished with wax or other lubricants to withstand the strain involved in tapestry. Embroidery threads are specifically designed for hand or machine embroidery works.
Yarn is made from a quantity of natural or synthetic fibers.
Varieties of yarn:
1.) Sheep cashmere wool thread – High Tenacity, Low Shrinkage, eco-friendly;
2.) Rubber yarn – Textiles & leather products, all kind of socks products;
3.) Metallic yarn – Textile & leather products;
4.) Cotton /polycotton / viscose / polyviscose / Modal / Lyocel – Knitting category;
5.) Silk / cotton / rayon / polyester – Weaving category;
Natural and Synthetic Fibers
Natural Fibers –
the most common plant fiber is cotton, which is typically spun into fine yarn to produce cloth by means of knitting or weaving mechanisms.
Animal fibers are: wool, fur, mohair.
Natural Vegetable based fibers – produced from plant’s seeds, stems, leaves, wood pulp, cellulose
Natural Vegetable Fabrics include:
Cotton – Fibers from the cotton plant’s seed pod
Linen – Linen is from flax, a bast fiber taken from the stalk of the plant
Hemp, Ramie, and Jute – All of these are similar to linen but the plants are processed differently.
Synthetic Fibers –
Synthetic Fibers are made from synthesized polymers or small molecules. Generally, they are known for being: Heat-sensitive – opposed to most chemicals – opposed to to insects, fungi and rot – Low moisture absorbency – Electrostatic – Fire resistant – thickness or precise gravity – Pilling.
There are two kinds of producing synthetic fibers:
1.) regenerated synthetic fiber is made from natural materials that have been chemically processed for example – Rayon is made by processing the cellulose in wood pulp.
2.) It is the true synthetic fiber, prepared completely from chemicals. Nylon was the original true synthetic fiber, made from chemicals obtained from petroleum (crude oil).
The compounds that are used to make these fibers come from raw materials such as petroleum based chemicals or petrochemicals;
“First artificial fiber is artificial silk; develop into known as viscose about 1894, and at last rayon in 1924”.
Familiar synthetic fibers are:
Nylon (1939)
Carbon fiber (1968)
Acrylic (1950)
Polyester (1953)
Specialty synthetic fibers include:
Spandex (1959)
Modal (1960’s)
Lyocell (1992) (artificial, not synthetic)
Zylon (PBO fiber)
Modern fibers, prepared from older artificial materials are:
Glass fiber (1938)
Metallic fiber (1946)
