FANCY YARNS IN WEAVING – Yarn refers to a structure composed of continuous length of interlocked fibers. Yarns are the main raw material of weaving. In textile world, nothing is possible without yarns. In every stage of production of a textile, yarns plays an vital role. They are suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery and rope making.
Fancy yarns are also a kind of yarns where yarns are created through mix n match of different colour, fiber size, combination of grey and fine thin yarns. However, fancy yarn differs from simple yarns. These deviations occur mainly due to introduction of deliberate decorative discontinuities in the form of colour, structure or both. The size and value of the market for fancy yarn is negligible. However, fancy yarns appear mainly in high value items, so their small volumes cannot be ignored.
The fancy yarn gives a fancy touch to the fabrics to a broad range of end uses. Fancy yarns are used for mainly decoration purpose or to bring a new variation a fabric. Even a little change in the colour or quality of fiber makes a new fancy yarn. Significant demand for the fancy yams is the ladies and children outerwear.
The basic profiles of the fancy yarns are Spiral, Gimp, Slub, Knob, Loop, Cover, Chenille and Snarl yarns. The fancy effect can be optioned with two ways:
By twisting and or doubling technique
With spun effect by means of fibres. The effects may be randomized and regular effects.
Classification of fancy yarns is done according to the type and form of material used for effect making. Type of material used for effect making refers basic material of the components, viz; cotton, wool, silk, polyester, nylon, blend etc.
There are four main criteria recognized for the classification of fancy yarns. They are Type of raw material used for effect making, Number of Ground and Effect making material components, Method of manufacture, Type of Effect produced , End use of fancy yarns.
Similarly, there are many types of fancy yarns such as Core, a yarn in which the core has been wrapped by another strand, such as of cotton or nylon around an elastic base as used in commercial socks, Eyelash yarns is made from a polyester fiber with a furry texture resembling eyelashes. Boucle or looped, yarns are created by loosely looping an effect yarn around a base yarn. Ribbon is a type of yarn that resembles a ribbon. It can be made from synthetic or natural fibers, such as silk or cotton, Ladder resembles a ladder, with two flat threads representing the two sides of the ladder held together by a strip of material at the center that represents the rungs, A nub or knot is created by tightly twisting an effect fiber around the base fiber. The nub is most easily identified when the effect and base yarns are of different colors, A slub or thick spot in a yarn is created by varying the tightness of the twist of the yarn at various intervals.
Corkscrew or spiral, the appearance of corkscrew or spiral yarns is achieved by using yarns of two different fibers and often twisting one under a different tension than the other. Chenille, the soft, fuzzy surface of chenille yarns, which resemble pipe cleaners in appearance, can be created in several ways, Metallic yarns are often classified as fancy yarns and are created by adding a metallic fiber or yarn to the blend. These are not to be confused with actual wire used in jewelry that is sometimes knit or crocheted, Crepe yarns may be classified as fancy yarns and are created by tightening the twist given to a yarn, resulting in a kinked or looped strand.
